This is the fact that electric cars in our life have long been long, but in the last two or three years there was an incredible increase in sales and production of electric vehicles. In addition to the spread of aspects of the ecology of the day and the voice of wider masses, the factors that will seriously affect human life, such as global warming and reducing fossil fuels, were the largest supporters of electric vehicles in search of new technology.
As a result of the demand created by this supply, large car manufacturers began to explain their plans for the future for the development and distribution of electric vehicles one per one in 2020. In this article, the pros and cons of the development of electric vehicles from the past are analyzed, and the brand and a country based on a wide analysis of the modern electric vehicle market.
Electric cars from the past to the present
The history of "electric vehicles", which today become widespread, is actually older in the engine of internal combustion engine. The first electric vehicle module (EA) was developed by Professor Stunning in the Netherlands in 1835. In the 1890s, companies in Europe and America are produced and sold electricity. Even in the early 1900s, the number of electric cars in America was larger than the number of gasoline cars.
Therefore, there was an idea of a growing range. And the idea of combining the electric motor with a gasoline engine appeared, so the first electric hybrid structure was tring. Nevertheless, interest in electric cars has decreased due to such reasons as a decrease in gasoline prices in 1920-1960, which is in the senior engine Charles Kethetering, improving the need for automobiles of the far district with improving roads in America, starting with Henry Mass Products internal combustion Engine Cars and reducing the cost of the car.
Cars with IYM (internal combustion engine) were in the center of attention around the world. Automotive companies began mass production of IIM cars, and this event eliminated electric vehicles in the 1930s. When we arrived in 1960, the importance of electric vehicles was put forward to prevent air pollution caused by IMS. With the oil crisis in countries such as America, England, France, electric vehicles were accelerated.
In the 1980s, due to the environmental friendliness of electric cars, government began to give economic incentives to these cars. As the 2000s approached the first massive electric hybrid car, called Toyota Prius. Concern about the rise in prices for gas growth and carbon pollution made Prius best-selling hybrid in recent years.
Another event that was effective in bringing electric vehicles to such an agenda was that Tesla's motors announced that it would produce a luxurious electric vehicle that could drive more than 330 km on one charge. In 2008, Tesla Motors first introduced Tesla Roadster to the client. This success TESLA encouraged other automotive companies in this regard.
In 2010, the electric hybrid car Chevy Volt and all-electric Nissan leaves were launched. The Russian Federation, which has a significant share of oil reserves in the world, has adopted an important decision in 2015 to spread electric vehicles and is forced to establish electric power chargers at all gas stations.
In the same year, the electric hybrid car of China and the electric car and electric vehicle and the electric vehicle reached 200 thousand in total and imported electric vehicles from China yogomo, Fulda, low-luck, like JMSTAR electric cars, and Omnia Electric Cars began to consider interest from users. In addition, new rechargeable batteries have been developed, increasing the power, energy and productivity of cars and reduce their costs.
Today, the rise in gas prices, environmental pollution caused by oil and developing technology is important factors for the spread of electric vehicles. At the same time, consumers had more options when they wanted to buy electric cars. As you can see, the history of electric vehicles is actually quite old. This time, however, it seems resolutely remained in the market.
ELECTRIC VEHICLES
Electrical tools can be grouped under three headers:
- full-electric vehicles
- electric hybrid vehicles
- fuel cell electric vehicles
Full-electrical means: they use only electric motors. In order for the batteries to be filed and charged, the electric motor in the car is used as a generator, it gives the battery using the electrical energy that it produces. Compared to vehicles with IIM, the cost of fuel is very low, and the cost of maintenance is low.
Since completely electric vehicles do not give any harmful gases, these vehicles are called "vehicles of zero emission". However, such reasons as high mining, and, therefore, high prices for sale, a short time and a long charging time are an obstacle to the spread of an electric vehicle.
For this reason, electric hybrid cars attract more attention to users, because both electric motors and internal combustion engines coexist in these types of vehicles. If the vehicle is discharged, it can be continued with an internal combustion engine.
Electrical machines with fuel powered, on the other hand, benefit from the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen. They do not require long-term charging, such as battery fully electric vehicles, but instead produce energy. However, at the moment we are confronted with the problem of hydrogen transfer.
Electric car charging
After the types of electric vehicles, we can now turn to the charging types. First of all, you can charge your car with normal or fast charging methods. The type that we call a normal charging supports up to 22 kW, and the charging time is on average 3 hours.
Fast charging usually develops to charge your car faster in public places. The power of fast charging stations varies from 50 kW and 120 kW, and time falls until half an hour.
Another method is a wireless charging method, which is new and studied method. This method uses a magnetic path called inductive charging. Briefly, electricity is transmitted from the coil into the charger in the coil inside the car. To do this, it is enough to stand on the car on the charger.
BMW announced that it would start selling wireless charging capsules for a 530E iPerFormance hybrid by the end of 2018.
Another method is a battery replacement method called "QuickDrop". In this method, the identification information that will be specified by the system is checked first at the battery exchange station, and the lower part of the car is cleaned and passed through the drying process.
The automatic hydraulic system controlled removes the discharged battery in the car and establishes another rechargeable battery, which is already in the car. The unloaded battery loaded from the car is skipped through the system in the charging unit in the refrigerator. The discharge battery is fully charged in 30 minutes with an energy of 50 kW, which fed 3 optional.
However, there is a constant need in batteries at battery stations. Therefore, the battery must be obtained to be more than the number of cars. In this case, the cost will increase significantly, and it will be reflected in the car prices as the cost plus.
In addition, the concept of V2G (car for the grid) has been developed. You may think about V2G technology as bilateral charging stations. At these stations, the car battery can be charged and unloaded. In this concept, when unnecessary energy in the vehicle is not used, it returns to the network and provides a balance of demand for network nutrition and makes a flexible system.
Mitsubishi Outlander Phev is the first car to balance the electricity grid in the Netherlands using the V2G technology.
Advantages (pros and cons) of electric cars
The inevitable effect on global warming, which is the most observed consequence of increasing greenhouse gas emissions and environmental pollution, is currently the main reason for our orientation on electric vehicles and even in some kind of need.
These cars that feed on electricity, which can be obtained from stable sources instead of fossil fuels, are a reliable development of humanity against global warming with zero emissions. This is an indisputable fact that these vehicles that are pretty silent in reducing CO2 emissions, as well as a reduction in the noise of pollution, with which residents of large cities are very familiar.
On the other hand, the fact that lithium used in batteries is a limited element in nature, and the batteries of electric vehicles have a certain life raises questions about sustainability and environmental environment. However, the development of the utilization technology together with the life of the battery can be viewed as a way out to this problem.
The most obvious disadvantages of electric vehicles are:
- the high cost of first-time vehicles
- insufficient charging station infrastructure
- short range
- the weight of the batteries
Although many countries are trying to maintain electric vehicles, they are mostly more expensive or sometimes even sold at the same price as other cars moving on internal combustion. In addition, the concerns of the owners of electric vehicles about the lifetime of the battery are an obstacle to the spread of vehicles. In the nearest range, electric vehicles are a serious problem, especially when it comes to interstate use.
In today's conditions, charging times are very long, and the number of charging stations is insufficient. Accessories, preferred for comfort, such as air conditioning and radio in the vehicle, led to a car battery quickly, because it gets energy from the battery.
In addition, you must carry the charger with you. Thanks to this problem, a quick charging concept appeared. With an existing lithium-ion battery, fast charging time decreases to 30 minutes. Teslas made a big step in the absence of charging stations.
However, the growing number of electromotive charging stations may require distribution companies to improve their infrastructure.
Another problem lies in the fact that the batteries are heavy. Solid-state batteries, which is a new technology, appears as an alternative. These batteries are less in volume, easier, higher capacity and cheaper. While the existing lithium-ion batteries can lead to serious fires in the event of an accident, solid-state batteries turn off the system in case of an accident and reduce the risk of fire. An electric car with solid-state battery can be moved to a longer range with a lower cheap battery, removing all cooling elements.
Electric Car Market
Electric Car Brands and Future Goals
Undoubtedly, when it comes to electric cars, the greatest task in the market is how long distance can be operated by the reservoir. Although TESLA is the top in this regard compared to its competitors, constantly developing charging technology and storage fuel ambitions of other brands in the summit race.
Despite these two regular problems, the research company Frost & Sullivan published the Global Electricity Market 2018 report, which indicates that the sales of electric vehicles rose from 1.2 million in 2017 to 1.6 million in the first quarter of 2018.
In addition to developing technologies in increasing sales indicators, the importance of stimulating mechanisms listed in the practice of countries is indisputable. The same report provides that sales data are suitable 2 million in 2019 with more than 168 models sold worldwide.
On the other hand, Porsche said that half of cars produced in 2023 is aimed at electric vehicles, and it is aimed at promoting electric vehicles and clean energy technologies with the E Series mission, the leader of the TESLA market, and not competition.
In accordance with this purpose, the company that launched Porsche Changing Services in Northern Europe provides users with a nearest charging station and a mobile application that shows the presence of the station.
Jaguar Land Rover, another manufacturer of luxurious cars, announced that it will extend all the extraction until 2020 with a full range of electrical and hybrid cars.
Automotive companies, such as General Motors, Toyota, Renault Nissan & Mitsubishi, which produce more economical cars, have already staged more than 10 electric cars in product catalogs, and by 2022 the company aims to more than 1 million sales.
Ford Taunus (history and best models of the legendary model)
If we look at the market on a country basis, despite the dominant attitude of Tesla, which is American brands, is the largest joint-stock country in the Chinese electric vehicle market with a market share of 50%. The most important reason for this situation is that China does not only have a major share in production, but also supports electric vehicles using environmental and policies in the field of electric vehicles. China is not the only country to support electric vehicles with government policies.
European countries have already established an example of the countries of the world with their orientation on environmental and stability policy. Unfortunately, the sales of electric vehicles did not reach the desired numbers until 2013 in the region that took world car giants, such as Volkswagen, Fiat, BMW and Daimler AG (Mercedes).
Until 2013, a group of European countries, including Belgium, Germany, Finland and France, brought credit and tax reductions when buying electric vehicles to promote electric vehicles. However, adopted laws and incentives did not have the desired effect. One of the main reasons for this is undoubtedly the lack of sufficient charge stations.
To break the fear of being on the road with an electric car in the community, France and Albania, first of all aims to be aimed at government prejudices, opening public cars to the public in addition to the police and fleet of government vehicles.
Finland, another European country, invested in technological institutions working in the field of sustainable energy in order to pave the way to technological development and strive to invest in Finland in this area not only for consumers, but also for investors.
As of 2018, Europe has only five countries that do not encourage the use of electric vehicles (but also have the smallest use speed of the electric vehicle); Croatia, Malta, Estonia, Lithuania and Hungary.
Future of Electric Cars
In accordance with all this information, it can be said that technological research for the development of electric vehicles and incentives continues to disseminate it. The world quickly works on electric vehicles on all roads. To create the necessary infrastructures for this and to meet the increase in the need of electricity, it is vital to use the sources of energy of the new generation (for example, biomass), in addition to conventional energy sources.
At the moment, although it seems that there are disadvantages of owning an electric car, but these shortcomings will disappear in the coming years, and it seems that it will replace cars using existing internal combustion engines.
"The competition between electric cars and fossil cars of fossil fuel will be a war that finishes wars"
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